Glossary

Countervailing duties (CVDs) are special tariffs imposed on imported goods that benefit from subsidies provided by foreign governments. These duties help neutralize the unfair pricing advantage and protect domestic industries...

A Certificate of Origin (COO) is an official document that certifies the country where a product was manufactured or produced. Customs authorities often require this certificate to determine import duties,...

Consolidation is the process of combining multiple less-than-container load (LCL) shipments from different shippers into a single container. It typically occurs at a Container Freight Station (CFS) before export.By consolidating...

In international shipping, the consignee is the party listed on the bill of lading to whom the carrier delivers the goods. Once the shipment arrives and clears customs, this party...

The modern shipping container was invented in the 1950s by Malcolm P. McLean, a U.S. trucking entrepreneur. He revolutionized global trade by enabling containers to be lifted directly from trucks...

A customs broker is a licensed professional or agency that assists importers and exporters in complying with customs regulations and procedures. They prepare and submit required documentation, calculate duties and...