CBP stands for U.S. Customs and Border Protection, a federal law enforcement agency within the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
CBP protects U.S. borders, regulates international trade, and enforces customs laws. For importers, it plays a central role in reviewing shipments, collecting applicable duties, and deciding whether goods can enter the United States.
Customs and Border Protection oversees several important parts of the U.S. import process.
Customs Clearance
It reviews import declarations and supporting information. It determines whether shipments meet U.S. entry requirements before releasing them.
Duties and Taxes
CBP assesses and collects applicable import duties, taxes, and fees. The amount depends on the product classification, customs value, country of origin, and current trade measures.
Cargo Screening and Inspection
Customs and Border Protection uses shipment information to identify potential risks. Officers may inspect cargo to check for prohibited goods, inaccurate declarations, or other compliance issues.
Trade Law Enforcement
CBP enforces import restrictions and trade regulations. These include measures involving counterfeit products, prohibited merchandise, and certain goods regulated by other U.S. agencies.
Importers must provide accurate shipment information and meet applicable customs requirements.
This commonly involves:
- Correct product descriptions and tariff classifications
- Accurate commercial invoices and shipment values
- Required cargo and entry filings
- Permits or supporting documents for regulated products
A licensed customs broker can submit entries and communicate with CBP on an importer’s behalf. However, using a broker does not remove the importer’s responsibility for accurate declarations and compliance.
CBP may hold or examine shipments when further review is necessary. Such actions can affect cargo release and delivery schedules.
For more information about inspections, read our Customs Exam guide.
CBP performs the customs enforcement functions previously handled by the U.S. Customs Service. It was established in 2003 as part of a broader reorganization of U.S. border agencies.
Today, CBP also handles border security and immigration-related enforcement responsibilities.
For official regulations, trade guidance and agency information, visit U.S. Customs and Border Protection.
